Jericho Free Essays

Jericho is a Palestinian city situated close to the Jordan River in the West Bank. It lies at scope 31 52 degrees north and longitude 35 39 degrees east and is 250 meters beneath ocean level. Jericho is one of the most antiquated human homes. We will compose a custom article test on Jericho or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now Bartlett (1982) proposes the most old human remains were found in it, some of which return to 5000 years B. C. Bartlett likewise trusts a few settlements go back to 9000 years B. C. The Ancient city was involved by Jordan from 1948 to 1967 (Bartlett, 1982). Over hundreds of years networks became surrendered and new settlements set up. Trackers were pulled in to this area on account of the bounteous water sources close by. Water channels and other water system frameworks were assembled at an opportune time, making the city a farming community. By 8000 BC, around 2,000 individuals had for all time settled close to introduce day Jericho (Metzger and Coogan, 1993). Jericho was a significant city in the Old Testament. The city was overwhelmed and crushed a few times. Be that as it may, it was consistently reoccupied †some of the time rapidly and different occasions gradually. Herod the Great, Cleopatra, and Augustus are a portion of the powerful rulers that once took guarantee of a few or the entirety of Jericho. Numerous Galileans would go through the Jordan valley and pass by Jericho on their course to Jerusalem. By taking this course, they could abstain from going through Samaritan region (Metzger and Coogan, 1993). Jericho later tumbled to the Babylonians, however was reconstructed when the Jews were permitted to come back from their outcast. The city kept on being a retreat during the standard of the succeeding realms. For Christians, Jericho took on significance on account of its relationship with John the Baptist, who was said to have been absolved by the banks of the Jordan on the eastern limit of the city. The Romans wrecked the old city in the primary century, yet it was remade in its current area by the Byzantines. The city quickly came back to greatness when Caliph Hisham Ibn Abd el-Malik fabricated his winter royal residence in Jericho in 743, yet a tremor demolished for all intents and purposes the whole city only four years after the fact. The city later tumbled to the Crusaders and afterward was recovered by Saladin. Jericho was to a great extent overlooked and abandoned for quite a long time a short time later. The economy of this time was in a progress from one of get-together food, to an economy of delivering food. The soonest occupants are known as the A - Natifiyyun. These individuals depended on social occasion wild seeds for food. It is improbable that they planted these seeds, but instead collected them utilizing apparatuses. These devices included grass shearers with stone edges and straight bone handles. They utilized stone mortars with handles to crush the seeds. A portion of the A Natifiyyun lived in close by caverns. Others lived in crude towns, exceeding expectations in engineering. Through the span of time, they figured out how to make sun-dried blocks, and started to fabricate progressively generous residences. These abodes were round cottages, developed from level bottomed blocks, which bended at the higher edge. Channels were burrowed from old Jericho to the close by Ein Al-Sultan spring. These trenches gave plentiful supplies of water to private use. As their economy advanced, they utilized these trenches to inundate their fields. They developed dividers 6. 56 feet (2m) in width to encompass and encase their towns. Inside these dividers they raised an enormous pinnacle, (9m) in width, and (10m) in tallness. Today Jericho is frequently alluded to as the most established city on earth, with a background marked by more than ten thousand years. This old city is situated in the area of Canaan at the lower end of the Jordan valley around eight miles north of the Dead Sea. Trackers were pulled in to this area due to the rich water sources close by. Reservoir conduits and other water system frameworks were manufactured at an opportune time, making the city a horticultural focus. By 8000 BC, around 2,000 individuals had for all time settled close to introduce day Jericho was a significant city in the Old Testament. The city was surpassed and crushed a few times. In any case, it was consistently reoccupied †some of the time rapidly and different occasions gradually. The city of Jericho, presently related to Tel es-Sultan, is thought by certain archeologists to be as much as 11,000 years of age, making it perhaps the most established site of human settlement on the planet. The most punctual proof of human occupation is a Mesolithic place of worship and there is proof one city assemble overtop of another for a few centuries. The most noticeable highlights of antiquated Jericho would have been the enormous, high dividers. It is the most seasoned walled city in mankind's history and dividers stay a critical part of archeological burrows. Jericho had stonewalls by 7,000 BCE, even before the creation of earthenware. The primary dividers at Jericho were worked during the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA) period, demonstrating that viciousness and strife were significant pieces of Jericho’s history for an extremely lengthy timespan. The principal changeless settlement was worked close to the Ein as-Sultan spring somewhere in the range of 10,000 and 9000 BC. As the world warmed, another culture dependent on agribusiness and inactive dwelling rose, which archeologists called â€Å"Pre-Pottery Neolithic A† which were described by little roundabout homes, internments of the dead inside the floors of structures, dependence on chasing wild game, the development of wild or household grains, and no utilization of ceramics. At Jericho, round abodes were worked of earth and straw blocks left to dry in the sun, which were put along with a mud mortar. Each house estimated around 5 meters over, and was roofed with mud-spread brush. Hearths were situated inside and outside the homes. During the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B, settlement-stage the design comprised of rectilinear structures made of mudbricks on stone establishments. The mudbricks were portion molded with profound thumb prints to encourage bouncing. No structure has been exhumed completely. Regularly, a few rooms group around a focal yard. There is one major room ( with interior divisions, the rest are little, apparently utilized for capacity. The rooms have red or pinkish terrazzo-floors made of lime. A few impressions of mats made of reeds or surges have been safeguarded. The yards have mud floors. The dead were covered under the floors or in the rubble fill of surrendered structures. There are a few aggregate entombments. Not all the skeletons are totally verbalized, which may highlight a period of presentation before internment. A skull store would contained seven skulls. The jaws were evacuated and the countenances secured with mortar; cowries were utilized as eyes. As new settlements emerged they started to energize the development of plants, for example, grain and lentils and the training of pigs, sheep and goats. Individuals no longer searched for their preferred food sources where they happened normally. Presently they brought them into different areas. A rural upheaval had started. The capacity to grow the food gracefully in one territory permitted the improvement of lasting settlements of more prominent size and multifaceted nature. The individuals of the Neolithic or New Stone Age (8000-5000 B. C. ) sorted out genuinely enormous towns. Jericho developed into a braced town complete with trench, stone dividers, and towers and contained maybe 2000 occupants. In spite of the fact that horticulture brought about a steady food gracefully for lasting networks, the progressive part of this improvement was that the network could bring what they required (characteristic assets in addition to their toolbox) to make another site inhabitable. This advancement made it conceivable to make bigger networks and furthermore assisted with spreading the act of horticulture to a more extensive zone. The nearness of devices and sculptures made of stone not accessible locally shows that there was likewise some exchanging with removed areas. Farming society got changes the association of strict practices also. Asylum rooms brightened with frescoes and figures of the heads of bulls and bears gives us that organized strict customs were essential to the occupants of these early networks. At Jericho, human skulls were shrouded with dirt trying to make them look as they had in life recommending that they rehearsed a type of predecessor love. Obligations of connection that had joined trackers and finders were being enhanced by strict association, which assisted with directing the social conduct of the network. Since it is one of the most seasoned human settlements and maybe the most established walled city ever, archeological unearthings at Jericho give important data about how individuals lived and passed on a great many years back. Various burial places, furniture, earthenware, and dots have been found. Strategically, Palestine was an assortment of free city states right now, with every city heavily influenced by one King. The nearness of enormous safeguard dividers recommends that these autonomous city-state Kings regularly assaulted one another. The dividers of Jericho from this time authenticate that hypothesis. Throughout a multi year time frame, starting around 2900 B. C. E. , the dividers of Jericho were remade multiple times. Intruders are not by any means the only motivation of this, as quakes, water in the establishments, and other characteristic causes assumed a job in the steady upkeep of the city barrier structures. A great many people think about Jericho regarding the scriptural accounts of how the Hebrews vanquished Canaan. Under the initiative of Joshua, they walked around the city multiple times and God made the dividers breakdown as expressed in the holy book. Jericho is a strict city that has withstood the trial of attack, obliteration, and time. Step by step instructions to refer to Jericho, Papers

Education is Important Because It Develops the Individual Essay

Instruction is Important Because It Develops the Individual - Essay Example The schedule itself where figuring out how to peruse, compose, tally, draw, take physical exercise, hear music, mess around and so forth., serves to build up the psychological and physical capacities. When fundamental proficiency and numeracy are accomplished, numerous entryways are opened for free idea and activity. The creative mind grows, the universe of books is accessible and with, everything subject matters. Relational abilities additionally develop, and with these comes the capacity to identify with others and the world on the loose. Critical as well, are the connections framed with others in and outside of school. Different youngsters, educator, janitor, head instructor, homeroom helper, etc, an extraordinary number of people outside of the family are currently a piece of the kid's understanding and serve to enlarge it.Such a world reflects society everywhere and the learning inside is applied outside. The should be obliging to other people, to regard the individuals who help, serve or offer information, to figure out how to share, to take an interest and contribute, all these are indispensable components inside a decent instructive structure. Social abilities growing in this way are taking the youngster towards turning into a grown-up who can learn and who can contribute decidedly to society. As of now we can see the estimation of training, both to the individual and the world. 'Social, passionate and beh... Late research on social, enthusiastic and conduct abilities proposes that by empowering the accomplishment of these, 'Social, enthusiastic and conduct abilities underlie pretty much every part of school, home and community life, including successful learning and continuing ahead with others' (Developing Children's Social, Emotional and Behavioral Skills: Guidance) The proposal is that incorporating such aptitudes adds to the person's 'entire individual' advancement, and their accomplishment is a piece of genuine training, which empowers the individual to arrive at their maximum capacity. For instance, the aptitudes associated with self-inspiration incorporate the act of continued exertion and learning, conviction that an objective is feasible, the capacity to manage mishaps and to be glad for accomplishment. By utilizing mindfulness as well, a kid or grown-up truth be told, perceives how considerations, sentiments and practices all connect and influence one another and devises approaches to manage this. Consider a youngster who finds an ability or love for music, move, craftsmanship or books, or whatever. The nice sentiments this revelation realize, urge them to work at that ability and accomplish objectives, their potential here. Being 'acceptable' at something at that point overflows into different parts of life and learning, the certainty picked up encourages them towards an inspiration which can just profit 3. society. The ethic of progressing in the direction of an objective, seeing how to manage what turns out badly and as yet trying, makes for an adjusted, satisfied grown-up. In this way organized training, wherein formal information based instruction is supported by what is regularly portrayed as 'enthusiastic knowledge' is of fundamental significance to the individual and the more extensive society in

A Survey of Moral Sentiments in Virgil’s Aeneid - Literature Essay Samples

Sympathy arises from an instinctive desire to identify with the emotions of others. It can lead people to strive to maintain good relations with their fellow human beings and provide the basis both for specific benevolent acts and for the general social order. In dramatic and narrative power, Virgil’s Aeneid is the equal of its great Homeric predecessors, The Iliad and The Odyssey. At the same time, it surpasses them in the intense sympathy it displays for its human actors a sympathy that makes events such as Aeneas’s escape from Troy and his search for a new homeland, the passion and the death of Dido, the relationship between Nisus and Euryalus, and the defeat of Turnus among the most memorable and civically valuable in literature. This notion of sympathy, or â€Å"representative thought,† can be explored and is summoned in these episodes in the Aeneid through vivid imagery, rhetorical figures, the inherent nature of the characters, and the invocation of memor y throughout the epic. Ultimately, the sympathetic relation that Virgil constructs between the text and the reader affects the way in which we communicate complex ideas and emotions, changes the way we view the world, and sharpens our moral judgments.However, in order to fully comprehend the epic’s capacity to summon sympathy, first we must define sympathy. According to Adam Smith in The Theory of Moral Sentiments, men are driven by sympathy: we imagine ourselves in the shoes of another and, through that act of imagination, feel a part of what they feel. He also explores the role of the â€Å"impartial spectator,† the view we attempt to acquire when we wish to judge the morality of our own actions or someone else’s. Smith argues that people feel pleasure from the presence of others with the same emotions as ones self, and displeasure in the presence of those with contrary emotions. Thus, this pleasure is not the result of self-interest: others are more likely to assist oneself if they are in a similar emotional state. Smith also makes the case that pleasure from mutual sympathy is not derived merely from a heightening of the original felt emotion amplified by the other person. Smith further notes that people get more pleasure from the mutual sympathy of negative emotions than positive emotions, but we feel more anxious to communicate to our friends (Smith 13) our negative emotions. This idea of sympathy, as Smith defines it, can be seen throughout the compelling imagery and emotional appeal in the Aeneid.The story of Dido, the tragic queen, conjures up an overwhelming sense of sympathy and pity in the reader. Although Dido had pledged not to marry after the death of her first husband, she finds herself irresistibly attracted to Aeneas. Virgil’s description of the overwhelming feelings of Dido for Aeneas liken love (especially the love of a woman) to an all-consuming fire: â€Å"But the queen too long she has suffered the pain of l ove, hour by hour nursing the wound with her lifeblood, consumed by the fire buried in her heart† (Book IV, 1-3). The love of Dido is no fleeting feeling; Virgil emphasizes the long-lasting effects of the love spell of Cupid in his diction: â€Å"The man’s courage, the sheer pride of his line, they all come pressing home to her, over and over. His looks, his words, they pierce her heart and cling no peace, no rest for her body, love will give her none† (IV, 4-7). Virgil draws out her pain in the phrases â€Å"too long,† â€Å"hour by hour,† and â€Å"over and over.† The harsh sounds in words such as â€Å"pressing† and â€Å"pierce† emphasize the pain Dido feels. The repetition of the word â€Å"no† and the use of â€Å"none† in the seventh line amplifies the absolute, intense ache Dido feels, allowing the reader to realize the extent of her pain. Dido has â€Å"no peace, no rest† because â€Å"love will g ive her none.† The use of the hyphen accentuates the word â€Å"cling† in line 7, since the reader must continue reading to the next line, clinging to each word. The passage builds upon itself from the beginning, creating a crescendo that climaxes in the last line, which demonstrates the building of passion inside Dido.In an attempt to seek the approval of the gods in winning Aeneas as her husband, Dido prays at the shrines of the gods, making sacrifices, further appealing to the audience’s emotions. She looks for signs from the gods in the entrails of the sacrificed animals. This, however, is useless to someone so caught up in the insanity of love: â€Å"But, oh, how little they know, the omniscient seers. What good are prayers and shrines to a person mad with love? The flame keeps gnawing into her tender marrow hour by hour and deep in her heart the silent wound lives on. Dido burns with love the tragic queen† (IV, 82-86). Virgil reinforces the uncontro llable passion of love by utilizing irony in line 82, stating that the â€Å"omniscient seers† actually know very little when love is involved. The fire allusion reappears in line 84 and again in line 86. The fire of love devours the queen from the inside out. Virgil names Dido â€Å"the tragic queen,† separating the Homeric epithet from the rest of the passage with both a hyphen and a period to accentuate the finality of her fate. The use of the verb â€Å"gnawing† likens love to a carnivorous animal, eating at the â€Å"tender marrow† of Dido.This predator-prey relationship continues: â€Å"She wanders in frenzy through her city streets like a wounded doe caught all off guard by a hunter stalking the woods of Crete, who strikes her from afar and leaves his winging steel in her flesh, and he’s unaware but she veers in flight through Dicte’s woody glades, fixed in her side the shaft that takes her life† (IV, 87-92). Dido has been driv en insane by her love. The word â€Å"frenzy† depicts the queen’s whirlwind state of mind. She â€Å"wanders,† lost because of her love, yet also lost because of her impending doom. Her love will end in her death; her love is â€Å"the shaft that takes her life.† The pacing of the passage enhances the reader’s sense that Dido is a lost cause, caught up in love. The passage wanders from line to line, taking the reader along winding paths of thought all within the same sentence. Dido has no control; she is merely a â€Å"wounded doe.† Although Virgil expresses love as a â€Å"hunter,† this hunter is â€Å"unaware† of the damage it wreaks. This imagery personifies an emotion as a tangible entity.The internal turmoil created by uncontrollable love forces Dido to cling to any part of Aeneas she can obtain: â€Å"She’d speak her heart but her voice chokes, mid-word. Now at dusk she calls for the feast to start again, madly be gging to hear again the agony of Troy, to hang on his lips again, savoring his story† (IV, 95-98). The word â€Å"chokes† abruptly ends the clause, demonstrating the inability to speak. The hyphen in â€Å"mid-word† further illustrates this point by creating a physical break in the sentence and in the word itself. Dido has lost all propriety as she â€Å"madly beg[s]† Aeneas to tell his story just to hear his voice. And once again, love is depicted as insane and uncontrollable. The metaphor â€Å"to hang on his lips† and the subsequent use of â€Å"savoring† illustrate the hunger that love has instilled in Dido for Aeneas. The addition of the final clause â€Å"savoring his story,† reiterates the reluctance of Dido to let go of the words of Aeneas. Dido â€Å"flings herself on the couch that he left empty† (IV, 102). His choice of the verb â€Å"flings† shows the desperation of the queen. Line 102 exemplifies the need of Dido to be with Aeneas. The couch becomes empty when he leaves, but the heart of Dido also feels empty in his absence. Virgil juxtaposes the wanderings of Aeneas with the path the heart of Dido by writing, â€Å"Lost as he is, she’s lost as well, she hears him, sees him† (IV, 103). While Aeneas is considered lost on his journey to fulfill his destiny, Dido is lost in her love for Aeneas, driven mad by her feelings.During the fateful storm that forces Aeneas and Dido to seek shelter in a cave, the tragic fate of the queen is sealed. Virgil begins his description of the event with the two-word phrase â€Å"Too late† (IV, 202). The finality of the phrase shows that fate is already decided: Dido is doomed. According to Virgil, the wedding day is more like a funeral: â€Å"Primordial Earth and Juno, Queen of Marriage, give the signal and lightning torches flare and the high sky bears witness to the wedding, nymphs on the mountaintops wail out the wedding hymn. This was the first day of her death, the first of grief, the cause of it all† (IV, 209-214). This wedding lacks the typical torches; instead, lightning flashes in the sky. Virgil uses the verb â€Å"wail† to describe the nymphs singing the wedding hymn. As â€Å"wailing† is usually associated with a sad event, the word is unfit to describe a joyful wedding. Virgil writes out the fate of Dido, stating the inevitable. Once the wedding occurs, it is only a matter of time before Dido dies. The coordination of the nouns â€Å"death† and â€Å"grief† just after the mention of a â€Å"wedding hymn† sharply contrasts the joy of a wedding with the sadness of a funeral, which further summons sympathy in the audience.Once Aeneas heeds the message of Mercury and the will of Jove, the love of Dido comes out in full force. She stoops to both taunting and tears to keep Aeneas with her, but her attempts amount to nothing. Virgil once again compares Dido to prey, running from â€Å"Aeneas the hunter, savage in all her nightmares† (IV, 584). The tragic queen â€Å"always feels alone, abandoned, always wandering down some endless road, not a friend in sight† (IV, 585-587). Dido loses herself when Aeneas leaves. The wandering direction of the passage reiterates the wandering of Dido down an â€Å"endless road.† Her despair leads her to contemplate suicide; Dido cannot live without Aeneas. As at the start of her infatuation, Dido is given no rest, even at night when all others sleep:But not the tragic queen [†¦] torn in spirit, Dido will not dissolve into sleep her eyes, her mind won’t yield tonight. Her torments multiply, over and over her passion surges back into heaving waves of rage she keeps on brooding, obsessions roil her heart. (661-666) Once again, Virgil refers to Dido as the tragic queen. He emphasizes the role of fate in her life and in her death. Instead of â€Å"dissolving into sleep† and l essening her pain, her passion â€Å"multiplies† and â€Å"surges.† The word â€Å"multiply,† coordinated with â€Å"over and over,† demonstrates the building passion inside of Dido. The verbs â€Å"surges,† â€Å"brooding,† and â€Å"roil† give the reader a sense of foreboding, and the â€Å"heaving waves of rage† express the emotional turmoil of Dido. Mercury spurs Aeneas on his journey, appearing to him in a dream while the warrior slept peacefully on his ship. The god insists Aeneas leave at once, claiming â€Å"woman’s a thing that’s always changing, shifting like the wind† (IV, 710-711). Mercury acts as the voice of Virgil, depicting women as fickle in their love. The punctuation and arrangement of lines further emphasize the idea of change. Dido climbs up on the pyre created from the belongings of Aeneas and proceeds to stab herself. Rumor carries the news, and the city reacts through â€Å"sobs, an d grief, and the wails of women ringing out through homes, and the heavens echo back the keening din.† The â€Å"wails† of the women are similar to the â€Å"wails† of the nymphs during the fateful wedding of Dido and Aeneas, once again demonstrating how the wedding was more like a funeral. Virgil only mentions the women mourning, not the men. This implies the emotional instability of women in general, an appeal to emotion and sympathy toward women.Fated from her encounter with the love spell of Cupid, Dido is doomed to die from the day of her wedding. The Trojan sword Dido uses to commit her deed seems fitting; Dido uses the sword, a gift from her lover, to end the pain he caused her. Although she stabs herself, Dido is not set free from her pain until the last line of Book IV, as though to highlight the length and intensity of her pain. In the final two lines, Iris releases Dido from her body and, consequently, from her pain. She can find solace only in death a s â€Å"the warmth slipped away, the life dissolved in the winds† (IV, 876). Dido does not â€Å"dissolve into sleep† (IV, 662), but death eventually becomes her sleep. Intense, powerful love controls Dido and ultimately leads to her death. Indeed, her love grows into an uncontrollable obsession which later morphs into rage and despair at abandonment. Virgil emphasizes the strength of love and the inevitability of her fate throughout Book IV in his use of language to summon sympathy in the reader. Furthermore, the episode of Nisus and Euryalus is one of extreme friendship and devotion to comradeship, two qualities that also clearly evoke sympathy in the audience. In the opening lines, it is clear their friendship is admirable: â€Å"Near him stood Euryalus, his comrade† (IX, 239-237). Nisus, wiser in years than Euryalus, is prepared to go on a journey alone in order to prevent the death of the younger, more handsome Euryalus. Euryalus is less courageous; his bra very is characterized as mere hunger for action and honor to such a degree that even Nisus, who marked the path through killing many Rutulians, had to calm him â€Å"when Nisus, with few words (for he could sense his comrade was berserk with lust for carnage) stopped him† (IX, 470-472). Although the expedition failed and the two comrades died because of their extreme devotion to one another, Virgil in his praise: â€Å"Fortunate pair! If there be any power within my poetry, no day shall ever erase you from the memory of time† (IX, 592-594), and in the lines of the Trojans weeping: â€Å"How much more sad when they can suddenly make out, impaled, held high, the heads of men known too well by their unhappy comrades† (IX, 625-627) suggests that these characters were still very much admirable and that their shared death does not fail to create an emotional, poignant event in the epic. Although Euryalus has much devotion to Nisus, a reader cannot help but ask whet her Euryalus is wholly devoted to Nisus or more motivated by personal glory since he doesn’t even say his farewells to his mother. When his mother grieves upon witnessing his decapitated head, Virgil seems to ask if it was really worth it: â€Å"At once the warmth abandons her poor bones† (IX, 631-632) and â€Å"a moan of sorrow passed through all† (IX, 663), thus evoking the sympathy of the audience.Turnus, undoubtedly, is one of the most complex and remarkably strong characters in the Aeneid. He is even introduced by Virgil in an invocation to the muses: â€Å"inspire me: I must sing of the slaughter and the deaths that Turnus spread with his swords† (IX, 696-702). Virgil’s tone in the description of him also seems to be very respectful when he uses two powerful similes – namely, an â€Å"eagle† and †wolf of Mars† (IX, 745-752). The inevitability of destiny is portrayed once and for all in Book X when Jupiter allows Juno to alter the events slightly, but urges her to stop and â€Å"give up this useless madness† (X, 1105). Virgil creates a sense that even the mighty Jupiter, the father of all gods, feels a little sympathy for the brave Turnus, yet Jupiter is also tired of Juno’s vengeance against the Trojans. Like Dido, Turnus holds his complexity in the fact that he is fated to lose, yet he still continues to fight on the battlefield. Although Turnus is the most probable antagonist, Virgil still allows his audience to feel sympathy for him because a man who knows he will die and yet continues to fight until the very end is indeed heroic, if not more so than Aeneas, who knows he shall at least succeed. Virgil succeeds in creating tension and suspense in the battlefield scenes. Both Dido and Turnus are emotionally passionate; they are driven by immense love, as Turnus desires Lavinia greatly. How can one scorn a man that fights for a woman he loves? Yet love seems to take a back seat to destiny.In due course, there is the fascinating ending in which the readers experience the last sad moments of Turnus’s life. Instead of the epic ending with celebration and victory, it concludes with Aeneas killing Turnus, showing Virgil’s amazing ability to create multi-layered, complex characters in complex situations. Virgil invests Aeneas with flaws and humanity in order to create a real person, but other characters are made real as well. For example, Turnus is not a simple villain since his misdeeds are motivated by his inner flaws: his deep love for Lavinia and his ambition as a fighter on the battlefield. His motivations are not less pure than those of Aeneas. Virgil creates a moment of pity when he is begging on his knees â€Å"then I beg you, pity old Daunus† (XII, 1245-1246) and although Aeneas has victory, it is not one without a downside or loss. By using these two characters, especially in the final scene, Virgil teaches a realistic, moral lesso n: there will always be loss as a consequence of following one’s destiny. Not only have many died, but also the noble hero Aeneas, driven by madness at the sight of Pallas’s sword-belt, lost his mercy in the final moment of victory. Here, Virgil sets out to introduce the theme of justice in the form of revenge, a feeling that most people can relate to and sympathize with.Virgil’s characters are ultimately just like his readers: complex, multilayered humans who deserve sympathy and pity, scorn and praise. They are real people who face many challenges and cannot always make the right decisions because powers of anger, hatred, and revenge sometimes get the better of them. The most powerful message that comes from the Aeneid, I believe, is that all humans have a noble side, and one must try to pursue this side for the greater good, just as Aeneas did to found Rome.

kite runner - 1971 Words

THE KITE RUNNER QUESTIONS CHAPTER 11 AND 12 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS 1. Where did they move to after Pakistan? They moved to America after Pakistan. 2. What job did Baba get? Baba got a job at a gas station. 3. Why didn’t he want food stamps? Baba refused food stamps because this was an insult to his pride. He is mentioned to have a strict code of honour and pride and accepting outside help to take care of his own problem. 4. What did Baba give Amir for his birthday? Why? Baba gave Amir a coveted Stingray bicycle and a fancy wristwatch, but Amir felt like those gifts were â€Å"blood money.† 5. What did Amir decide to study in college? Amir decided to study English and major in it. Baba considers it petty and not an actual job.†¦show more content†¦6. Why didn’t the General want Jamila to sing in public? 7. What year was Amir’s first book Published? 8. Why do people whisper behind Soraya’s back? 9. Why didn’t the doctor say they couldn’t have children? What did Amir attribute it to? 10. Why did the General urge Amir and Soraya not to adopt? 11. Where did Amir buy a house? CHAPTER 14-16 1. Who called Amir and asked him to come to Pakistan? Rahim Khan called Amir and asked him to come to Pakistan. 2. How long have Amir and Soraya been married at this point? They have been married for 15 years at this point. 3. How long did Amir plan to be gone for? 4. Where did Rahim Khan live? Rahim Khan lived in Kabul. 5. Who lived in Baba’s house after he and Amir fled Kabul? Rahim Khan lived in Bab’s house after him and Amir fled from Kabul. 6. Why were the Afghans glad to have the Taliban in the beginning? The Afghans were glad to have the Taliban in the beginning because the Taliban got their start as men started bringing in cash to the Afghans fighting the Russians. 7. Why did Rahim Khan want Hassan to come live with him? In the book The Kite Runner Rahim Kahn had been best friends with Baba and Amir. After Baba had escaped to America he had asked Rahim to keep care of his place. Rahim is also aware that Hassan is Babas son. When Hassan was a child Rahim Kahn had watched him grow up and knew that he deserved to have more. However, he was also aware that the boy could not get hisShow MoreRelatedThe Kite Runner1867 Words   |  8 PagesThe main protagonists in A Complicated Kindness and The Kite Runner convey that identities are socially constructed. Identity is shaped through the following factors: parenting, conflict, culture, gender, and genetics. These factors all intertwine and are the main influencers for shaping the protagonists identity. This is formed by the people that surround a person, their cultural stereotypes, how they teach others, and how a person learns. This essay will discuss how these factor effect identityRead MoreSummary Of The Kite Runner 1269 Words   |  6 PagesThe Kite Runner is a very powerful book that deals with many complex political and personal problems. This book has changed and challenged many of my views on life. I also found this book very inspiring and I have gained a greater appreciation for the life I have in Canada. Firstly, the text communicated with me through emotions. For example, I felt sadness for Hassan because of the way society treats him as an unequal. In addition, I have learned many things from this novel such as the importanceRead MoreThe Kite Runner Analysis772 Words   |  4 PagesThe Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini was a touching book that revolved around loyalty within a friendship. The friendship between Hassan and Amir had some difficulties. A true friendship can be hard to find(,) but can be one of the most vital things to being truly happy. Both Hassan and Amir had proven their loyalty to each other by the end of The Kite Runner. Loyalty was a crucial part in Hassan and Amir’s friendship.   Ã‚  Ã‚   In the beginning, Hassan was not only loyal to Amir because that was his dutyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Kite Runner 1016 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to the dictionary redemption means â€Å" The act of saving from sin†. The kite Runner is about two boys that goes through violence and betrayal in Kabul, Afghanistan. One of the main characters Amir decided not to help his best friend caused their conflicts to grow. This reveals the theme of redemption throughout the Kite Runner. Most importantly, there is a motivation behind why Amir battles very nearly his whole existence with reclamation and that is on the grounds that Amir s hirelingRead MoreThe Kite Runner Analysis 1844 Words   |  8 PagesTherefore, being a father is very difficult, having to overcome obstacles and being strong for each other. A well-known saying â€Å"like father, like son† is evident in this novel by the different ties of relationship each character had. In the novel, The Kite Runner, Khaled Hosseini proves that there is need of a fatherly figure when growing up. Having a father-son bond helps the child differentiate right from wrong. The relationship which demonstrates the need of a father figure is depicted by Baba and AmirRead MoreSummary Of The Kite Runner Essay997 Words   |  4 Pages The Kite Runner Theme Paper In the song â€Å"hello† by Adele she talks about how she wants meet to talk about everything in the past the makes her feel this guilt because the time away just didn t do enough she hasn t got over this feeling. Also in The Kite Runner, the character Baba experiences guilt so he does acts of kindness to redeem himself. No one knows why Baba did those acts of kindness till the end of the book because he thought no one would think of him the same way. In The Kite RunnerRead MoreAnalysis Of The Kite Runner 1229 Words   |  5 PagesThe Kite Runner’s plot is centered on the story of Amir, a young boy who grew up in Afghanistan with his father, and friend, Hassan. Amir was raised without a mother, and had no womanly influence in his life until he was married. This lack of women in the storyline has caused some to argue that the novel is demeaning to women (Gomez). The vulgar language and explicit themes are seen as demoralizing towards the female gender (Schaub). In the novel the women are required to remain committed and submissiveRead MoreRedemption in The Kite Runner1038 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"For you, a thousand times over.† In The Kite Runner by Kahled Hosseini, there is a recurring theme of redemption that is portrayed by various literary devices. Kahled excellently juxtaposes devices such as irony, symbolism, and foreshadowing to show redemption within his first novel. As a foreword, the story of The Kite Runner focuses on a man named Amir. In his childhood, he enjoyed a high-class life in Kabul, Afghanistan, living with his father Baba. They have two servants, Ali and his son HassanRead MoreAnalysis Of The Kite Runner 1359 Words   |  6 Pages One major theme that is evident in The Kite Runner is that scars are reminders of life’s pain and regret, and, though you can ease the regret and the scars will fade, neither will completely go away. We all have regrets and always will, but though it will be a long hard process we can lessen them through redemption. The majority of The Kite Runner is about the narrator and protagonist, Amir. Almost all of the characters in The Kite Runner have scars, whether they are physical or emotional. BabaRead MoreThe Kite Runner Essay1321 Words   |  6 PagesWhat are the essential values and ideas presented in The Kite Runner? Analyse and assess how effective their representation is Hosseini has expressed copious essential values and ideas in his novel The Kite Runner (TKR) including Loyalty, Culture, Gender and Ethnicity and Atonement. Hosseini has expressed these through the combination of style, structure, characterisation, themes and setting. Due to the context of The Kite Runner, culture is an important idea presented because it has major significance

The Amendment Of The United States Constitution - 833 Words

The right to express ones opinions without censorship or restraint can be considered as a basic provision enshrined in the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. To elaborate, the first amendment to the constitution prohibit the legislative arm of government in making of any law abridging the freedom of speech, infringing on the freedom of the press and prohibiting the petitioning for a governmental redress of grievances. Post this amendment, there have been several cases where the Supreme Court has been required to interpret or make a decision to uphold its provisions. One of such landmark cases is the Hazelwood School District vs Kuhlmeier. The case involved two articles that were refused publication by a principal in a student newspaper. One of the articles dealt with the experience of students whose parents are divorce and the other with teenage pregnancy. In my view, the Supreme Court decision that restricting free speech is acceptable when the newspaper is not public is appropriate. First of all, the Students produced the school newspaper as part of their journalism class. Therefore it cannot be classified as a public newspaper that could leverage the provisions of the bill of rights. For this reason, the principal in my opinion has the rights to censor such school-sponsored student publications when they have purposes reasonably related to genuine educational concerns. The educational concerns may be related to the impact of the articles on teenageShow MoreRelatedThe Amendment Of The United States Constitution1323 Words   |  6 PagesThe 4th Amendment to the United States Constitution was added as part of the Bill of Rights on December 15, 1791. It deals with protecting people from the searching of their homes and private property without properly executed search warrants. The 4th Amendment specifically states: â€Å"The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported byRead MoreThe Amendment Of The United States Constitution877 Words   |  4 PagesThe right to vote for American citizens is the fifteen amendment of the United States constitution. In this amendment, no citizen may be deny to vote base on color or race. For this, many more citizens of the United States are able to vote, even if they are a minority. However, the United States does not have a high turnout rate on elections. As a result, voter participation has an effect on public policies; additionally, Americans do not have a strong ethical duty to vote. Therefore, politiciansRead MoreThe Amendment Of The United States Constitution1767 Words   |  8 Pagescaptain’s etc. With the recent rise in officer involved shootings, the demand for less lethal force measures has begun to rise. The eighth amendment of the United States Constitution was made for protection against cruel and unusual punishment; if an officer uses lethal force in an altercation they have deprived that person of their rights. Also the fourteenth amendment gives us the right to due process; lethal force deprives us of that right. There is a saying that has come to light recently that lawRead MoreThe Amendment Of The United States Constitution2174 Words   |  9 PagesThe 14th Amendment of the United States Constitution protects equal rights for everybody. This includes the right to equal opportunity for education for all. Jonathan Kozol, non-fictional writer, is best known for his books on public education in the United States. In his essay â€Å"Still Separate, Still Unequal: America’s Educational Apartheid†, he talks about segregation in education and provides examples to prove that segregation is regressing all around the country. Everybody deserve s the equalRead MoreThe United States Constitution and Its Various Amendments766 Words   |  4 PagesThe United States Constitution is a healthy document which still serves our nation exceptionally well and does not need drastic change or revision. Since June twenty first of 1788, when the United States Constitution was ratified in Washington D.C. it has been considered The Law of the Land. Ever since that date, we have followed those rules as the Federal law and overall â€Å"ruling† of our lives. For almost two hundred twenty four years, this has been what our country has been following to thisRead MoreThe First Amendment Of The United States Constitution915 Words   |  4 PagesThese 45 words of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution embody some of our most important ideas about the meaning of liberty. A nationally recognized leader in the field of law related citizen education has truly broken down the importance of the First Amendment and he say, â€Å"Remove the First Amendment from the United States Constitution and you strike out the very means of testing the other rights and of protesting abuses of government.† The First Amendment includes six clauses thatRead MoreThe Fourth Amendment Of The United States Constitution1327 Words   |  6 Pagesfourth amendment to the United States Constitution is part of the Bill of Rights, and was introduced to Congress by James Madison in 1789. The role of the Fourth Amendment is to prohibit unreasonable search and seizure and a warrant is to be required that is supported by probable cause. Even though the Amendment was introduced in 1789, it wasn’t adopted as an official amendment until 1792, because in December of 1791 three quarters of the states had ratified the amendment. The fourth amendment hadRead MoreThe Fourth Amendment Of The United States Constitution1747 Words   |  7 PagesThe Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution applies to a person and their home by providing protection against unreasonable seizures and searches. While it provides protection, not every search and seizure can be deemed unreasonable unless it is cl assified as per the law, by determining whether there was: a) the level of intrusion of the individuals Fourth Amendment, and b) whether or not it pertains to the government’s interest, such as safety of the public. The right to protectionRead MoreThe Second Amendment Of The United States Constitution1774 Words   |  8 PagesIt is not the duty of the federal government to dictate what a citizen chooses to legally defend themselves with. The second amendment of the United States Constitution was ratified on the 15 of December, 1791 and was drafted by future president James Madison. The text of the second amendment reads â€Å"A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.† There has been much debate in our country regarding theRead MoreFourth Amendment Of United States Constitution1139 Words   |  5 PagesSomalaraju Sateesh Kumar Raju 700628655 1. Fourth amendment of United States Constitution protects people from being undergone unwarranted searches and prevent their things from being taken away by authorities without proper authorization. If any government official or agent want to search an individual or their belongings, they should have proper reason to do that and get permission from the judge. Fourth amendment of United States constitution states that it is â€Å"the right of the people to be secure

THE INTIFADA Essay Example For Students

THE INTIFADA Essay Throughout history, people had encountered certain hardships, whether ethnicity or plain simple prejudice. There were hardships on blacks because of slavery, while Germany, on the other hand, was committed to ethnic cleansing during Hitlers reign. In both instances the suppressors believed they were more superior or obligated to do what they did. The issue of Palestine, or present-day Israel, dates back to about the 13th century BC. The oldest sources in Gaza, tell us that it (Gaza) was the residence of the Egyptian governor to Canaan. Until the 7th century did the Gaza territory, inhabited by the Philistines, come under Muslim rule. During that time, as a matter of fact, there were also Christian and Jewish settlements. As you already know, Palestine is called the Holy Land, because of the fact that Christianity, Judaism, and Islam were established in the site. Since this is a fact, Muslims and Jews were always fighting because of the faith they believed in. They both believe the Ho ly Land was given to them from God in order to preserve the faith. The belief was that the land of Canaan would be given to the children of Abraham. The interesting part is that Abraham had two sons, Isaac and Ismael. This means that the Arabs and the Jews are, in fact, the children of Abraham. So as you can see this is why there is conflict in the Middle East. The Intifada, an uprising in the Palestinian occupied territories by Israel from 1987 to 1993, was used in protest against Israeli occupation and its politics. The Intifada involved demonstrations, strikes, riots, and violence. It also used an impressive tactic of boycotting Israeli goods and boycotting the civil administration and building independence, creating independent schools and alternative political and social institutions to take the place of Israeli institutions (www.pna.net). Under the banners of the Intifada, Palestinians wanted to bring an end to Israeli occupation. This also meant freedom and independence on na tional soil without the aid or any influence from outside parties. Real peace cannot be achieved except through the recognition of Palestinian national rights, including the right of self determination and the establishment of an independent Palestinian State on Palestinian national soil (www.pna.net). The beginning was first sparked off in Jebaila camp, a refugee camp, in Gaza on December 7, 1987; when a demonstration erupted after an Israeli eighteen-wheeler ran over and killed four Palestinians. The unrest soon spread to other areas including the Gaza Strip, West Bank, and parts of Jerusalem. It was the united Palestinian Arabs, who, for the first time since the creation of Israel, came out victorious. Unfortunately, no victory is one without casualties and destruction. But above all, the Palestinians, headed under three groups: Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO), Hamas, and Jihadu Al Islamiya had finally been heard. Neighboring Arab states as well as the UN recognized the PLO as the official representative for the Palestinian people. The United Leadership of the Uprising (UNLU) governed the Occupied Palestinian Territory during the first year, while keeping close ties with the PLO and not backing down from Israeli hardships (www.nmopic.pna.net). The most amazing scenes that remind us of the Intifada were the stoning of Israeli security forces and civilians, often performed by young men and boys. In order to take back control, Israel recruited more police and army personnel. What made the Intifada stand out from earlier, and later forms of protest, was its broadness, the wide support, and duration (www.cias.com). For someone who is aware of the problem in the Holy Land, it was clear that the Palestinians were ready to fight for their statehood and independence and take casualties. They were finally ready to do as the Jews did when they formed Israel about 50 years ago. According to an Israeli scholar, Meron Benvenisiti Israel claimed that occupation is irreversible (www.pna.net). According to Dr. Khalil Shikaki, Director of the Centre for Palestinian Research and Studies in Nablus:After two and a half years, things got worse in a dramatic way. With the emergence of politically extreme positions and the Islamic movement and violence committed against some Palestinian elements plunging Palestinian society and even the nationalist movement into greater and greater violence and creating huge chaos in Palestinian society.The Intifada succeeded in gathering the Palestinians in a national unity of society and reminding the world of the Palestinian cause and also gaining sympathy from the world. But what most stood out was how the Israelis had no respect for the rights of the Palestinians. Israelis were able to travel anywhere throughout Israel and Palestine but the Palestinians were not allowed passed checkpoints separating the Occupied Palestinian Territory from Israel. .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a , .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a .postImageUrl , .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a , .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a:hover , .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a:visited , .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a:active { border:0!important; } .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a:active , .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uedd8c2f8f277e3711ce68f5d6905c33a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Child Abuse Essay The Intifada and pressure from the United States and European countries were the main reasons that favored talks between Israel and the Palestinians. By this time Israeli Foreign Minister, Shimon Peres, was meeting with Mahmoud Abbas the Foreign Policy aide for the PLO, in Oslo, Norway. This later led to the Oslo Agreement, which will allow Palestinians to run their affairs as Israeli troops withdraw from the Gaza Strip, Jericho, and later parts of the West Bank. After the agreement the Intifada turned into more of a violent liberation struggle. It also lost a lot of participants. By this time militant Islamists had taken over the Intifada. Possibly the most historic event in Palestinian and Israeli history took place on September 13, 1997. Yitzhak Rabin, the Prime Minister of Israel, met with Bill Clinton, the President of the United States of America, and Yasser Arafat, the leader of the PLO (now known as the Palestinian National Authority), in Washington D.C. after the signing of the Declaration of Principles. It would allow the Palestinians to govern themselves in the Israeli occupied Gaza Strip and the West Bank. Mr. Rabin and Mr. Arafat also signed a similar agreement. The historical event came after the signing, when Shimon Peres and Yasser Arafat, shook hands (The New York Times, 9/14/93, p. 1). In conclusion, the unimaginable was put together. Unfortunately, there were lives lost for this to take place, especially when the Prime Minister is assassinated. It took about forty years until both sides recognized each other. Hopefully Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu will follow in his footsteps and stop with the delays. If this proceeds there will finally be peace in the Middle East!WORKS CITEDApple, R.W. Jr. Rabin and Arafat Seal Their Accord As Clinton Applauds Brave Gamble.' New York Times 14 Sept. 1993, 1. www.cias.comwww.nmopic.pna.netwww.pna.net

Jordan Life Essays - McDonalds High School All-Americans

Jordan Life COMPARE AND CONTRAST JORDAN AND BIRD Now that Michael Jordan has retired (again), it's time to re-examine what was once a heated debate in basketball circles: Who is better, Michael Jordan or Larry Bird?. There was a time that this was as talked about an issue as Is professional wrestling real or staged?. Much like the wrestling question, debate over the greatest player in NBA history has always said that the answer is obvious. A look at the numbers will show, however, that the title of NBA's All-Time Greatest Player is still very much in dispute. In comparing these two extraordinary athletes I frist examined the statistics of both players, which proved to be very interesting. Larry Bird came out on top in the free throws with an average 89% to Jordan's 84%. Larry also came out on top in three point category with a life time average 38% to MJ's 33%. Rebounds per game also leaned in Larry favor 10 to MJ's 6. Assists where another category that Bird got the better of Jordan in with 6 a game for Larry and 5 for MJ. In the steals per game category they tied with 2 per game. They also where almost identical in blocks per game with life time averages of .89 a game for MJ and .87 a game for Larry not that impressive of a sat for either of them. Know let's talk about the categories that Michael Jordan was better in. Like shooting percentage Jordan Leeds Bird in this category 51% to Birds 50% I think that when you look at this sat it is important to remember that Bird played in an era with out the high percentage slam dunk that MJ made famous. Now points per game MJ had 31 a game to Larry's 24 this is the only sat where MJ has a decisive edge over Larry. . So what does it all mean? Was Larry better than Michael? Not necessarily. Was Jordan the greatest player in the history of the game? Perhaps. Then again, perhaps not. Michael Jordan filled the greatness void left by such players as Larry Bird, Magic Johnson, and Julius Erving. He has been coddled by referees and has amassed trophies and accolades in a league where no one could challenge him. While the argument could be made that this is the reason MJ is the best there ever was, I don't see it that way. Jordan has made his mark in an era where expansion and million-dollar salaries for mediocre players have watered down the overall talent in the league beyond comparison to Bird's era. DON'T GET ME WRONG: Jordan is surely among the all-time greatest players in the history of the NBA. The point of this comparison is to demonstrate that the answer to the question Who is the all-time best is not as self-evident as one may think. As a die-hard Celtic fan, even I was ready to relinquish that crown to Jordan at one point. Yet when you look at their statistics and consider them in terms of the makeup of the league during the heights of their careers... I think the argument could be made either way. Sports and Games

Phobias and Addictions Essays

Phobias and Addictions Essays Phobias and Addictions Essay Phobias and Addictions Essay Richard Johnston Types of Conditioning Phobia and Addictions Phobias and addictions can be very difficult on a mental standpoint. The definition of a phobia is an exaggerated usually inexplicable and illogical fear of a particular object, class of objects, or situation (Webster). There are many kinds of phobias such as, Xenophobia the fear of dogs could be a result of being bitten as a child or being cornered by a dog. Other fears could be Catastrophic the fear of lightening as a child oh were scared of storms so you developed a phobia on storms. Acrophobia is fear of heights and the fear of falling you are high up you might have an anxiety attack so you avoid high places. Transportation is the fear of injections (the fear of needles), which can cause one anxiety because the patient associates the pain with the needle. A reaction can be caused before the injection is given such as fainting or other anxiety symptoms. Phobias are can be developed through classical conditioning. Ivan Pavlov was famous for his theory of classical conditioning who studied digestive systems of dogs. In his studies and experiment he noticed, that dogs salivate when presented with food which was a common trait. Pavlov noticed if the bell or a tuning fork rang the dog would salivate when there was no food present. The dog associated the food with the bell this is what is known as classical conditioning. One more example of this is music the neutral stimulus is the music when paired the unconditioned stimulus automatically triggers tapping of the feet know as an unconditioned response. Fears and phobias progress in the same way as conditioning. Phobias can cause health problems from panic attacks or anxiety. Individuals with phobias avoid being in that situation and stay in their comfort zone. Human beings we behaviors that can easily become addicted to a drug or food or substance. In operant conditioning human beings get addicted to substances they see other people doing, such as food, sex, gambling, and drugs. Addiction is defined as compulsive physiological need for and use of a habit-forming substance (as heroin, nicotine, or alcohol) characterized by tolerance and by well-defined physiological symptoms upon withdrawal; broadly: persistent compulsive use of a absence known by the user to be physically, psychologically, or socially harmful (Webster). Classical conditioning is learned behavior using a stimulus and operant conditioning is a method of learning that uses a reward to gain the desired response the craving for the drug the use of the drug is the reward. One example to is that classical conditioning involuntary behavior and Operant conditioning is focused on voluntary behaviors. Operant conditioning is defined as a conditioning in which the desired behavior or increasingly closer approximations to it are followed by a rewarding or reinforcing stimulus (Webster). Operant conditioning can be used for punishment when the desired response is not achieved. Addiction such as alcohol for example would be you had the long hard day and you a have a cold six pack over the legal limit. The beer was your reward for having a long hard day. The addiction of wanting more beer is and addiction to alcohol and the substance has a hold of you which is known as alcoholism. The punishment will be impulsive if you get caught being pulled over for driving under the influence by the police because you decided o get more beer and drive to the store that would not be a favorite for a drinker getting caught the rush is not to get caught. Extinction would be not to drink at all and have an ice tea and make the behavior decrees or disappear. Operant conditioning can be related to an extinction technique if to many beers are consumed and the individual decides to go get more beer in a driving a motor vehicle to get there the thrill would be not getting caught and the consequence would be getting arrested for driving under the influence. The extinction would be not to drink s many beers or not at all and try a different reward for a long hard day and never to drive under the influence of alcohol. In summary I have talked about classical conditioning and how it is automatic for dogs to salivate when there is food present and buy repeating the conditions with the bell ringing triggered the same response the dog eventually learned when the bell rings there is food and to salivate even without the food present. We learned the operant conditioning requires some type of reward being either positive or negative such as punishment. We learned about hobbies and what types of phobias are out there, phobias can cause health problems if not treated.

Market Structure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Market Structure - Essay Example Simultaneously, economics can be defined as a way of thinking. In the present day context, business units get largely impacted by the market structure of the place or a particular nation as business performance is directly dependent on how the economy behaves in the long run. Notably, on the basis of economic situations and other features, market structure of a place is divided into several forms including perfect competition, monopolistic competition and oligopoly and each one of them has their own characteristics or features. Business units have the need to analyze these particular features to ensure the accomplishment of their business targets (Baumol & Blinder, 2011; Hubbard, 2007). In this proposed discussion, the main aim will be to describe various market structures including perfect competition, monopolistic competition, oligopoly, and monopoly along with identifying a few of the characteristics of each of the market structures. Additionally, the paper will discuss the way in which high entry barriers into the market can influence long-run profitability of a firm. The paper will also discuss price elasticity of demand of each of the market structures and its impact on pricing of products to get a more comprehensive understanding about the same. Perfect competition describes such market conditions, where a large number of sellers are involved in business activities and also the sellers are dealing with homogeneous products. Notably, in this sort of market structure, none of the players are big or large enough to capture the entire market by their operations. In such market scenarios, each of the players in the market is competent enough to ensure perfect competition for others in the same market which further augments the level of competition in the market. This sort of market structure provides utmost opportunities for business units to perform in an effective manner; otherwise they might perish while attaining long-term sustainability (Baumol

American Foreign Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

American Foreign Policy - Essay Example This form of power is often employed by a country having more economic and military power over its subject. This form of power is usually achieved by use of rewards such as economic inducements, promises of military support and alliances or through threats of punishment such as economic sanctions, coercive diplomacy and military interventions. The article ‘The Practice of Foreign Policy† clearly illustrates the concept of hard power adopted by the U.S. government over the past few years. The article brings to light the growing number of countries that have at one time or another experienced intrusion or use of hard power by the U.S. government. It highlights the growing discontent among countries such as Syria over president Obama’s wayward policies. In addition, the article analyses America’s stance towards war and use of diplomacy (â€Å"The Practice of Foreign Policy† 1). The U.S has been accused of spying Brazil and other countries, which basicall y is a form of hard power. The armed forces are described as â€Å"peerless†, illustrating hard power. In Syria, the U.S. government considered the possibility of a military assault following the use of chemical weapons by the Syrian president. However, this move was voted down by the Congress. This illustrates use of hard power. The U.S. ... government has specific interest in oil, Islamic terrorism, Israel and Iran. The U.S. government has placed a number of sanctions on Iran over its nuclear power program. This illustrates hard power (â€Å"The Practice of Foreign Policy† 2). Soft power as earlier described is a situation whereby a country uses persuasive tactics such as co-opting with other countries in order to influence their interests or behavior. Soft power is becoming more and more common in the world today. The article suggests that through developing good strategies and implementing them, the Obama administration can restore confidence and win back people. Soft power can also be enhanced by use of diplomacy. The number of diplomats ought to be increased as well as taking interest in their recommendations (â€Å"The Practice of Foreign Policy† 2). The article â€Å"Making up; Soft Power† illustrates use of hard power. The U.S. invasion of Iraq in the fight against al-Qaeda has been termed as use of hard power. The U.S. government used raw power in an effort to crush the outlawed group. The America’s interest was to fight terrorism. The U.S government has been criticized on many occasions for meddling with the Middle East, yet, it does so little to solve underlying problems. In Libya, the U.S. government exercised hard power by ousting the then president Muammar Qaddaffi from power. The U.S. has interest in humanitarian welfare following Muammar’s threats to kill innocent civilians. The article also raises concerns over the U.S. government’s widespread spying by the NSA. Spying illustrates use of hard power. In 2003, the U.S, invaded Iraq. Its interest was twofold; arresting proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and show of power or might (â€Å"Making up; Soft Power† 1). The

Racism and Football (soccer) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Racism and Football (soccer) - Essay Example For example, FIFA was arranged with no English hold up in 1904 and England team did not take part in the World Cup Finals till 1905 at which end they were abruptly mortified by the hasty USA. Afterward, in late 1950s, the Football association ineffectively resisted the contribution of English society in European club rivalries. Fundamentals of the magnificent narrowness of British football's history is today repeated in the aristocratic racism exposed in enlightenment made by football executives and senior football officers about black players such as they have an inborn lack of regulation and constancy, a break off on their shoulder, a abhor of the bitter and many more. Such comments gives out merely to effect typecasts by functioning ahead the racial mythology about black footballers who are variously supposed to be short of bottle plus are no superior in the dirt and have no endurance. However, these comments are but daily cases of the type of crumbling, informal racism which has usually infused professional football all through the organizational, training and playing stages of the game. Simply now are such visions being effectively challenged and reassessed inside the sport, though for aspiring British Asian footballers a fresh set of typecasts have to be defeated. Though, it would be unjust to advise that the same racist outlooks and performance have been current at all football clubs at all era as there are substantial dissimilarities flanked by the society at different clubs. Such as, clubs like Bromwich Albion forged with the mark of black players in the new era and in the late 1970s the WBA meadows the brilliant black trio of Cyrille Regis, Laurie Cunningham and Brendan Batson and in doing so concerned substantial local black hold up. In numerous other clubs, attitudes towards black players seem to have been quite diverse. Even nowadays it is not odd for managers, executives and trainers to be frankly racist about black players. Game is an ordinary sp ot for racism partly because organic and hereditary suppositions about the bodily abilities of blacks are set next to the racist suppositions about their imaginary rational restrictions. It is burly in Britain because of the past relations between sports, the country and territory which themselves appear out of racist society together with slavery. (Cohen, P., 1998) Racism of the Crowd Racism on the football patios and in the position is normally quite more obvious and for most people easier to recognize than the partially institutionalized appearances which have a propensity to distinguish specialized football society. Patios and position racism characteristically absorbs individualized appearance of mistreatment plus communal hymning with a racist contented, the most ordinary of which has been a monkey hymn connecting with mumbling sounds which can or can not be escorted by monkey kind gesticulations. There is also a proof of racist songs being poised and sung to a variety of admired melodies. At a number of the football sites in British football where unconcealed admirer racism has been most apparent, black players have been bathed with

Essay examples --

Addiction: Anabolic- Androgenic Steroids Anabolic steroids, technically known as anabolic-androgenic steroids, are drugs that are related to the cyclic steroid ring system and have similar effects to testosterone in the body. They increase protein within cells, especially in skeletal muscles. They address the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics such as the growth of the vocal cords, testicles and body hair. Anabolic steroids were first made in the 1930s, and are now used therapeutically in medicine to stimulate bone growth and appetite, induce male puberty and treat chronic wasting conditions; such as cancer and AIDS. The American College of Sports Medicine acknowledges that AAS, in the presence of adequate diet, can contribute to increases in body weight, often as lean mass increases and that the gains in muscular strength achieved through high-intensity exercise and proper diet can be additionally increased by the use of AAS in some individuals. Health risks can be produced by long-term use or excessive doses of anabolic steroids. These effects include harmful changes in cholesterol levels, acne, high blood pressure, liver damage, and dangerous changes in the structure of the left ventricle of the heart. Conditions pertaining to hormonal imbalances such as gynecomastia and testicular atrophy may also be caused by anabolic steroids. Ergogenic uses for anabolic steroids in sports, racing, and bodybuilding as performance-enhancing drugs are controversial because of their hostile effects and the potential to gain unfair advantage is considered cheating. Their use is referred to as doping and banned by all major sporting bodies. Mechanism of action The pharmacodynamics of anabolic steroids are unlike peptid... ...ses the production of red blood cells. Through a number of mechanisms anabolic steroids stimulate the formation of muscle cells and hence cause an increase in the size of skeletal muscles, leading to increased strength. The androgenic effects of AAS are numerous. Depending on the length of use, the side effects of the steroid can be irreversible. Processes affected include pubertal growth, sebaceous gland oil production, and sexuality. Some examples of effects are growth of the clitoris in females and the penis in male children, increased vocal cord size, increased libido, suppression of natural sex hormones, and impaired production of sperm. Effects on women include deepening of the voice, facial hair growth, and possibly a decrease in breast size. Men may develop an enlargement of breast tissue, known as gynecomastia, testicular atrophy, and a reduced sperm count.

Impact of superior leadership Essay

Introduction Leadership can be defined as â€Å"a process by which a person influences others to accomplish an objective and directs the organization in a way that makes it more cohesive and coherent. Leaders carry out this process by applying their leadership attributes, such as beliefs, values, ethics, character, knowledge, and skills†. (A good leader offers reality check, thank you – The Business Journal of the Greater Triad Area) â€Å"Leadership is concerned with intimacy, intimacy with the substance of the work and with the people you serve,† (What is Leadership?) Nowadays in the world of business, one of the most important issues that companies face is that their workforces, including executives, are incapable of wrapping their minds completely about how to think and act as a superior leader. To become a superior leader, your role in your organization should be lasting success. Besides this, superior leaders must be ambitious, hard working, broad minded, striving, caring, competent, intelligent, cooperative, loyal, dependable, supportive, forward looking, mature, self controlled and so on. Superior leadership motivates us to do more, learn more and dream more. In fact, superior leadership is an approach that unleashes your employees’ brainpower. This is due to the fact that when this brain power is completely utilized, workers and employees are motivated, innovative, creative and committed. How Good Leadership Affects Organization Obviously, we all are aware of the fact that employees are our most significant asset and the best ones are self-starter and self-motivated. Unfortunately, they are approximately only 5 to 6 percent or so naturally occurring. By using a superior leadership strategy, the management can certainly make huge number of employees highly self-motivated and self-started. And in this regard, this superior leadership strategy can be taught to newly hired and prospective managers to maintain your product quality and to provide fineness in leadership. According to Richard Hughes, R&D director for groups â€Å"Specifically, most organizations whether they are in the corporate sector or not have business strategies but have not given sufficient thought to what human capabilities are needed to implement that business strategy effectively†. (McLean, 2005) Furthermore, as a corporate leader of a firm, delivering satisfactory results to your employees, customers, organization and shareholder/investors is your responsibility. Primarily, result-based superior leadership motivates trust, energizes organizational employees and makes performance measurement easier for an organization. Nobody can deny the statement that your company’s overall performance depends upon the fact that how your management plans certain things and applies them in business activities. And with respect of this, a strategic leader should make a caring plan that gives assurance of your company’s goodwill and future business. And to achieve the aforementioned things, the management and the leaders should treat team members as partners instead of employees. In addition to this, a successful leader builds a strong communication connection inside and outside the organization, and understands your stake holders’ and investors’ mutual expectations. Moreover, in order to understand a company’s goals and objectives productively, a workforce should mutually understand and practice its strategy because of the fact that overall success of a company depends upon good leadership. A responsible team leader or manager should apply the aforementioned points. In today’s globalized world of business, many corporations are facing economic, social, political and climatic changes. Hence, a good leader is one who can cope with day to day changing political and social situations. Certainly, true leadership provides business to organizations in any circumstances whatsoever. However, the business environment can have impacts on the style of leadership â€Å"Successful leaders of change may not always be successful leaders of stability, consolidation, continuity, or thriving leaders in periods of massive disruption, such as 9/11. These different conditions require a different style of leadership, which may not necessarily be found in the existing senior management†. (emcc – Transforming organisations – the importance of leadership and culture in managing change) If a strong leadership culture is not present in any type of organization, employees do not contribute a common vision to the organization’s future and would disagree on what the most significant priorities are. In this regard, one would believe that such indicators are influenced according to an organization’s size or in other ways like in which responsibilities are distributed in an organization. In this regard, Marvin Lieberman, Lawrence Lau and Mark Williams conducted a study which is considered a most classy study in the automobile industry. These researchers estimated the productivity equation in order to ascertain the growth in both labor and capital outputs in six companies over a period of forty years. They found that â€Å"effects of top management on all of the companies except Toyota (because it had a system that made performance robust and largely independent of who occupied senior leadership positions) and that these effects were significant† (Pfeffer and Sutton, 2000) Furthermore, there is evidence that leadership results are modest because of the fact that employees who are allowed to keep and hold leadership positions are similar to each other. Practically speaking, leaders are selected for similarity in outlook and education. Consequently, in most of the organizations, leaders who appear to be successful are highly sought after and are likely to take bit positions. Another theorist described his views about leadership and its impacts on your organization as â€Å"building your superior confidence in you requires giving them your confidence. Once you and they have established in both ways, your organization may have an unbeatable competitive advantage, whatever the battlefield†. (Hinders, 2005). Generally, it has been observed that bad leadership has adverse effects on organizational performance and work output. For instance, organizations without proper project management miss milestones. Projects in such organizations cost more than the estimated amount and do not deliver the desired results. Certainly, leadership plays a tremendous role in every aspect of the organization. For example, most of the US financial companies systematically hired the best world talent regardless of the market size and shifted these leaders through every critical and non critical aspect of its operation. Because of the leadership fact, human assets pay off handsomely in today’s global world of business. And in this regard, the world’s best economists also weigh the fact that in today’s business world, it is very difficult to run your business operations economically without having a good leader who has the ability to cope with different problems and solve problems economically and excel among business competitors. Tsun-yan Hsieh and Sara Yik, in an article while emphasizing the leadership importance for an organization stated that, â€Å"â€Å"what do we mean by â€Å"leadership†? Whereas good managers deliver predictable results as promised, as well as occasional incremental improvements, leaders generate breakthroughs in performance. They create something that wasn’t there before by launching a new product, by entering a new market, or by more quickly attaining better operational performance at lower cost, for example. A company’s leadership reaches well beyond a few good men and women at the top. It typically includes the 3 to 5 percent of employees throughout the organization who can deliver breakthroughs in performance†. (Hsieh and Yik).

How Many Tragedies Did William Shakespeare Write

Widely deemed as the best writer of all time, William Shakespeare is known as much for his  tragedies  as he is for his comedies, but can you name his top three? This overview of Shakespeares most heartbreaking works not only lists his tragedies but also  explains which of these works are considered his best and why.   A List of Shakespeares Tragedies A prolific writer, Shakespeare wrote 10 tragedies in total. They include the following, most of which youve likely heard of, even if you havent had the opportunity to read them or see these dramas performed.   Antony and CleopatraIn this play, Mark Antony, one of three rulers of the Roman Empire, is in Egypt enjoying a love affair with the enchanting Queen Cleopatra. Before long, however, he learns that his wife has died and a rival is threatening to usurp power from the triumvirate. Mark Antony decides to return to Rome.CoriolanusThis drama chronicles Martius, whose heroic deeds help the Roman Empire seize the Italian city Corioles. For his impressive efforts, he receives the name Coriolanus.Hamlet This tragedy follows Prince Hamlet, who is not only grieving his fathers death but is furious to learn that his mother has married his fathers brother shortly afterwards.Julius CaesarJulius Caesar arrives back home after besting the sons of Pompey the Great in battle. The Roman people celebrate him upon his return, but the powers-that-be fear that his popularity will result in him having absolute power over Rome, so they plot against him.King LearThe ageing King Lear is faced with giving up the throne and having his three daughters rule over his kingdom in ancient Britain.MacbethA Scottish general thirsts for power after three witches tell him that he will one day be king of Scotland. This leads Macbeth to murder King Duncan and assume power, but he is consumed with worry over  his misdeeds.OthelloIn this tragedy, the villain Iago schemes  with Roderigo against Othello, the Moor. Roderigo desires Othellos wife, Desdemona, while Iago seeks to drive Othello mad with jealousy by suggesting that Desdemona has been unfaithful, even though she has not.Romeo and JulietBad blood between the Montagues and Capulets wreak havoc upon the city of Verona and lead to tragedy for the young couple Romeo and Juliet, each a member of the feuding families.Timon of AthensA wealthy Athenian, Timon gives away all of his money to friends and hardship cases. This leads to his demise.Titus AndronicusPerhaps the bloodiest of Shakespeares plays, this drama unfolds as the two sons of a recently d eparted Roman Emperor fight about who should succeed him. The people decide that Titus Andronicus should be their new ruler, but he has other plans. Unfortunately, they make him a target of vengeance, Why Hamlet Stands Out Shakespeares tragedies are among his most famous and well-read plays, but of these,  he is probably best known for  Macbeth,  Romeo and Juliet  and Hamlet. In fact, critics widely agree that Hamlet  is  the  best play ever written.  Ã‚  What makes Hamlet so tragic?  For one, Shakespeare reportedly was inspired to write the play after the death of his only son, Hamnet, at age 11, on Aug. 11, 1596. Hamnet likely died of bubonic plague.   While Shakespeare wrote comedies immediately following his sons death, a few years later he would write a number of tragedies. Perhaps in the few years that followed the boys death, he had time to truly process the depth of his grief and pour them into his masterful dramas.